Curated theme: Metaphorical parallels between biology and linguistics

This page is curated specifically to tie together pages which explore the metaphorical parallels between biology and linguistics.

Central concepts in Haeckel’s ecology and in Haugen’s 'ecology of language’ (Eliasson, 2015: 86)

Language Ecologies and Ecolinguistics

Ecologies of language

Cognitive ecology

Language Sustainability

Sustainability

Sustainable linguistics (definition)

Sustainability in linguistics

Linguistics and sustainability

Academic Linguistic Practices and the Environment

Academic models and approaches to language revitalisation

Conferencing

Technology and linguistics

Language Endangerment

Language Endangerment

Approaches to Language Endangerement

Definitions of Language Endangerment

Definitions, approaches to and classifications of language endangerment

Language Revitalization

Language documentation and description

Concrete examples of language revitalisation projects, with a special focus on the leaders and goals of these

Suggested readings:

Einar Haugen (1906-1994)

Haugen, E. I., & Chapman, K. G. (1982). Spoken Norwegian (3rd ed.). Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Haugen, E. I. (1953). The Norwegian language in America : a study in bilingual behavior. Vol. 1, The bilingual community. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Haugen, E. I. (1953). The Norwegian language in America : a study in bilingual behavior. 2, The American dialects of Norwegian. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Haugen, E. I. (1966). Language conflict and language planning : the case of modern Norwegian. Harvard University Press.

Haugen, E. I., & Dil, A. S. (1972). The ecology of language : essays. Stanford University Press.

Haugen, E. (1987). Blessings of Babel : bilingualism and language planning : problems and pleasures. M. de Gruyter.

Others

Sapir, E. (1912). Language and Environment. American Anthropologist, 14(2), 226–242. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1912.14.2.02a00020

Halliday, M. A. K. (Michael A. K., & Webster, J. (2003). On language and linguistics. Continuum.

Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago Press.

Zhou, W. (2022). Ecolinguistics: A half-century overview. Journal of World Languages, 7(3), 461–486. https://doi.org/10.1515/jwl-2021-0022

Eliasson, S. (2015). The birth of language ecology: interdisciplinary influences in Einar Haugen’s “The ecology of language.” Language Sciences (Oxford), 50(Jul), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2015.03.007

Penz, H., & Fill, A. (2022). Ecolinguistics: History, today, and tomorrow. Journal of World Languages, 8(2), 232–253. https://doi.org/10.1515/jwl-2022-0008

Pei, M. A. (1973). Encyclopedic dictionary of the science of language. American Anthropologist, 75(6), 1909–1910.

Steffensen, S. V., & Fill, A. (2014). Ecolinguistics: the state of the art and future horizons. Language Sciences (Oxford), 41(Jan), 6–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2013.08.003

Chen, S. (2016). Language and ecology: A content analysis of ecolinguistics as an emerging research field. Ampersand (Oxford, UK), 3, 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2016.06.002